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# Validating TKM, Truck Hours, and Trucks

## Equations Used to Calculate Truck Values

When you define the full and empty truck velocities along the haulage route and the truck parameters, the number of truck hours and number of trucks required can be calculated.

The parameters recorded in the Truck types, Haul routes, Segments, Velocities, and Material movement data grids mean that between every two points that form the haulage route, the following variables are known:

- the tonnage of material moved
- the length of the line (in metres for metric scenarios or in feet in imperial scenarios)
- the speed of the truck when full
- the speed of the truck when empty
- the mass of material that the truck can move

These variables can be used to calculate the TKM, truck hours, and number of trucks.

### Calculating TKM

The tonne kilometres for the movement of mined material is calculated using the following equation:

Note: If your scenario uses imperial measurement the TKM is the ton thousand feet.

### Calculating Truck Hours

The haul time between each set of points at which the speed changes along the haulage route for the full and empty paths is calculated using the following equation:

Notes:

- For the full path:
  - The haul time from the source location to the bench or ramp is calculated using the length of the shortest distance from the source location to any bench or ramp and using the velocity of the bench or ramp. Even when bench haulage is defined, if a ramp is closer to the source location the distance to the ramp and the velocity of the ramp are used.
  - The haul time from the end of the bench to the ramp is calculated using the shortest distance between the end of the bench and the ramp and the velocity of the bench at the end point.
  - The haul time from the ramp to the destination location is calculated using the shortest distance from the ramp to the destination location and the velocity of the ramp at the position the truck leaves the ramp.
- For the empty path:
  - The haul time from the bench or ramp closest to the source location is calculated using the length of the shortest distance from the source location to any bench or ramp and the velocity of the bench or ramp. Even when bench haulage is defined, if a ramp is closer to the source location the distance to the ramp and the velocity of the ramp are used.
  - The haul time from the ramp to the start of the bench is calculated using the shortest distance between the end of the bench and the ramp and the velocity of the ramp at the position the truck leaves the ramp.
  - The haul time from the destination location to the ramp is calculated using the shortest distance from the destination to the ramp and the velocity of the ramp at the position the truck joins the ramp.

The total haulage time, including loading and dumping, for each return journey on the haulage route is calculated using the following equation:

The total time taken for the truck type to move the material takes into account the haulage capacity of the truck type and the time it takes the truck to complete each return trip. The total time taken for the truck type to move the material is calculated using the following equation:

### Calculate the Total Number of Trucks

The number of trucks required for the period takes into account the percentage allowances for the trucks not performing their duties, or not performing their duties optimally, and the number of total hours in the period. The number of trucks required for the period is calculated using the following equation:

## Additional Files Created Calculating Truck Values

When you Create Detailed Haulage Reports in the Publish Results > Standard Reports tab, files are created that provide detailed data on the routes chosen and the speeds applied along each section of the haulage routes.

By default, the files generated are saved in the working directory. If you specify an Export folder in the Haulage section, the files are saved to the specified directory. The files created are:

- haulage_detailed.csv
- haulage_routes_and_speeds.csv
- haulage_routes_summary.csv

For every block of material, you can see the reported values for the calculated distance and assigned speed between each set of points along the haul route, in both the full and empty paths, in haulage_routes_and_speeds.csv.

When you Export the haulage results in the Publish Results > Haulage Results tab, you save the haulage geometry and attributes one of the available file formats. Attributes are saved to the file only if the file format selected supports additional attributes. You can use the 3D Canvas and the data grid supplied in the Haulage Results tab to analyse your haulage results.

### See also

- Material Movement
- Haulage
- Truck Types
- Haulage Routes
- Reporting on Haulage
- Haulage Results
- Create Schedule

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